Earth’s size. Origin, rotation and revolution:

Earth is the only planet which has life on it. The earth’s environment is vital for sustenance of life on it. Earth’s size is negligible as compare to vastness of universe. If we want to view earth from nearby space it would look like small object with blue and green landscapes. The earth has two types of motion: planetary motion in orbit and spinning around its own axis. The earth’s motion in orbit is called revolution and its spinning motion is called rotation. The earth takes 24 hours to complete one rotation around its axis and 365 days to complete one revolution around the sun.

The Universe:

Physical geography is the study of the universe and physical landscape. The pioneering work of physical geography was initiated by Greek geographer Eratosthenes who accurately calculated the circumference of earth based on observation of angle of sun on different places of Egypt. Eratosthenes is also credited for postulating the spherical shape of earth and drawing maps of earth’s environmental zones.

PMS SYLLABUS FOR THE SUBJECT OF GEOGRAPHY:

PAPER I: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

Total Marks: 100

1-The Universe:-

Ø  Solar system and Earth, Earth’s origin, shape and size, rotation and revolution; distribution of land and water, Geological time scale.

2- Lithosphere:-

Ø  Composition and internal structure of Earth, rock’s origin, formation and types (Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic), Plate-tectonics, mountain building geomorphic processes internal and external, Earth quakes, Volcanic activity, weathering, mass wasting, erosion and deposition, cycle of erosion; landforms produced by surface water, ground-water, wind and glaciers.